The connection between mold and musty odors is well-known, but don’t panic just yet. A musty smell from air ducts can originate from different sources. Cleaning moldy HVAC ducts and equipment can resolve a mold issue. However, here are some other reasons for a musty odor and what to do about them.
Bacterial Growth Can Cause a Musty Smell
The same dark, humid conditions that mold thrives in are also ideal for bacteria. Organic growth can occur in the condensate drain, drip pan, or evaporator coil. To find evidence of bacteria, check the drain pan; if it’s full, the musty smell may be bacterial. The drain pan is designed to collect water droplets but may not be effective if it’s improperly sized, worn, or damaged.
Other triggers for bacterial growth include:
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- Frozen Evaporator Coils: When dirt and debris coat an evaporator coil, it’s unable to remove moisture from humid air. Aside from heat transfer issues, condensation will freeze if the refrigerant becomes too cold. Call an HVAC tech whenever your evaporator coil freezes.
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- Clogged Air Filter: A clogged filter can block airflow, preventing warm air from reaching the evaporator coil. The only solution is to change the filter and let the coil thaw out. Musty odors should go away unless there’s additional debris to clean.
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- Blockages in the Condensate Line: The condensate line leads to an area near the condenser unit, allowing water to drain from your AC system to a storm drain. Sludge can form if the small condensate pipe clogs up, creating musty smells. A professional has the expertise and tools to clean the drain line.
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- Excess Moisture in Ducts or Vents: High indoor humidity levels or a drainage leak can cause moisture to build up in your ventilation system. Then it’s likely a musty smell is coming from mold and mildew inside your ductwork.
Dirt and Grime Can Make Your Home Smell Musty
Dirt and grime, no matter where it is, can leave behind an unpleasant odor. It may be building up in air ducts or an old carpet or rug. If you have carpeting, think about having it deep cleaned. Freshen up carpets every week with a vacuum and a cleaning spray. Regularly clean your carpets, especially if you have pets, or else hair, dander, and other materials can cause lingering smells that find their way into your HVAC system.
Poor Ventilation Equals Stagnant Air
Poor air circulation allows contaminants to get trapped. Stagnant air can cause a musty smell from air ducts, similar to what many people call an “old house” smell. Depending on the issue, opening windows (if it’s not freezing or too hot outside) or running ceiling fans can improve circulation so the air is less stagnant. Some newer homes are so sealed and energy-efficient that air stagnates more easily; an air exchanger can release it outdoors and bring in the fresh air.
How Do I Know If I Have Mold?
Humidity levels over 60% in your home can trap odors, leaving a damp, musty smell. High humidity can also allow mold growth. Mold spores can settle in any dark, damp area, such as an attic, basement, condensate drain, or air duct. If you suspect a mold problem, look for discolored black or green spots, streaks, or patches near vents or on walls and ceilings.
Call a professional if the material is wet and slimy; it may be black mold, which can be highly toxic. Mold on vents is a problem because it can also be growing deep inside your ductwork. While a specialist can take steps to safely and effectively clean mold and prevent it, they can look for related issues such as a duct leak or an oversized AC unit.
Contact Monarch Home Services
At Monarch, we provide duct cleaning services and install high-efficiency duct systems. We also install advanced air scrubbers that eliminate germs and organic matter with UV light. If you notice a musty smell from air ducts, have our trained professionals inspect your ductwork, check for signs of mold, and determine the best solutions. Call (661) 215-6573 to schedule a visit and get your free quote.